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(Specimens.)

I'. NOWLAN.

SAFETY PAPER FOR GHEGKS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS 0F VALUE.

No. 01,45l5.V Patented July 1, 1884.

THIS DRAFI' MUST BE SIGNED ON THEBACK BY THEPARTY TU WHOM XT I8 MADE PYAELE.

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SAFETY-PAPER FOR CHECKS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS OF VALUE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 301,455-, dated July 1, 1884. Application tiled Decemher', 1883. (Specimens.) Patented in France January l5, 1884, No. 143,732; in Belgium January 16, 1884.

` No. 62,853; No. 3,923.

, Be it known that I, FnANois NOWLAN, of London, England, at present residing at Paris, in France, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Safety-Paper for Checks and other Documents of Value; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to improvements in the production of safety-paper for checks, bills, and other documents of value,which improvements consist in modifications of a certain check or safety paper vinvented by me in the year 1881.

My said original invention was based on the principle of printing the necessary lettering and ground on face of check or other form partly in permanent and partly in alterable pigments, (or one oi' these,) and cementing over the whole a sheet of transparent covering-paper. This invention,while affording absolute protection against alteration, was found in practice to offer certain disadvantages, among which may be mentioned, rst, the hazy aspect of the printed 4matter seen through the thin covering paper 5 secondly, insufficient penetration of the writing-ink into-the substance of thecheck through the said coveringpaper and its cementing medium; thirdly, induration of the tell-tale pigments-lines or other device by their direct contact with the cement, and consequently decrease in the rapidity and extent of their blurring action in presence of the altering-liquid. These and other minor defects inherent to my original invention are obviated by the means hereinafter described, which may be applied to any of the chemical papers new in use. It has been proved that such 4chemically-prepared papers afford in themselves no adequate security against alteration, but when used in combination with my present improvements they become absolutely unfalsiable.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrative of my invention, in the several figures of which the saine parts are similarly design ated,Fi gure 1 is a face view of a check; Fig. 2, a back view of the same; and Fig. 3, a conventional en` in Luxemburg January 16,1884, No. 351; in Germany January 23, 1884, No. 116,595, and in Spain April 15, 1884.

larged cross-section in the plane of line x m, FigQZ.

In the execution of my'said improvements I proceed as follows, operating, as example, on one of the known chemical-check forms: Along the back of such acheck form, and in a position corresponding with the sum-space ain front, I rule or otherwise deposit a series `of lines (or other device, b) in any indelible pigment having a soluble vehicle-say, 4for instance, iinelyground carbon or Indian red mixed to the required consistency in an aqueons mucilage. The ruling or other apparatus employed for applying such lines must be capable of depositing on the paper such a quan-` tity of pigment as Will insure visible flowing when exposed to the ink-destroying liquids applied to writin g on the face ofthe check. Simple surface printing or ruling would not 4carry sufficient pigment to produce this effect `with certainty. Over. the back of the check thus treated I cement a thin sheet of Water-proof 7o paper, c, the adhesive e, Fig. 3, employed for this purpose being so distributed by blocks, rollers, or otherwise as to avoid contact with the pigment-lines. In other Words, the plain surfaces only will be joined together, leaving uncemented the parts corresponding to the pigment-lines, which, adhering only by their A stance, round its borders or at its corners, as

at d. Any liquid applied to face of a check prepared as above for the purpose of removing the Writing thereon must first, While destroying this Writing, give rise to visible reaction on the chemicals contained in the paper. To eliminate the traces of this reaction a prolonged application of appropriate liquids becomes necessary, and before such liquids can possibly produce their specific effect they penetrate intoand collect in the above-mentioned duct-spaces, from whence, as already stated, their escape is barred by the impervious paper backing. Once there,they commence and continue to exercise a solvent action on the pigment-lines, which, being thus broken up, produce a constantly-increasing blur between the superposed sheets, beyond reach of removal by any chemical orother means.

I am aware that inks of different nature are commonly employed for printing the ground and lettering of so-called "safety-checks, and that it has even been proposed to make bank note and check forms of two sheets of thin papercemented together by gutta-percha, india-rubber, and other like materials; but these processes have only an apparent analogy with mypresent improvements, as I will now explain. No surface printing or ruling, whateverinaybe the number of different inks employed, canhave sufiicient body to produce a blurring irremovableby careful manipulation. The interpositionof an impervious cement over v the entire Vjuxtaposed surfaces of two sheets of` paper,l while providing, as originally contemplated, against the splitting or photographing of a bank note or check, would facilitate, instead of obstructing, the removal of writingmy process, of which an essential particularity is toleave free from cement the parts of the juxtaposed surfaces'corresponding with an in- Letters Patent, is*- I ink from the face, and is totally different from closed pigment, so as to provide for the free flowing of the latter in presence of liquids.

` paper composed ofsuperposed sheets cemented together over their whole surface; but

What I do claim, and desire to protect by An improved safety-paper for checks' and other documents of value, composed as follows: first, of an upper sheet of ordinary chemical paper bearing on the required portions of its under side thickly-charged lines or other de,- vices of unalterable pigment in a soluble vehicle, and, secondly, in combination therewith, a backing of thin water-proof paper sol cemented as to leave free from cement `the |`parts thereof corresponding with the pigmentlines, the object and effect of such partial ce- `menting being to providea series of collecting-ducts for the liquid used for removing writing from face of the document, the whole substantially as and for the purposes hereil set forth. Y

FRANCIS ,NO\VLAN.

Witnesses:

M. F. MnNNoNs, Jr.,

Patent Solicitor, Pars. F. MENNoNs, Jr., Clerk to above. 

